A majority of southerners lived and worked on farms, and agricultural employment in the region exceeded national averages by 73 percent. Whereas other regions experienced high rates of urbanization during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, the South remained predominantly rural. Indeed, the South that Roosevelt encountered on his frequent trips to Warm Springs was fundamentally at odds with the rest of the nation, even before the depression. Roosevelt called the South “the nation’s number one economic problem” and thereafter devoted generous New Deal spending to improving conditions in the region. Because it occurred when important shifts in the state’s politics, race relations, and economy were already under way, the war accelerated Georgia’s modernization, lifting it out of the Great Depression and ushering it into the mainstream of American life. Their experiences were pivotal in determining the state’s future development, and the war itself marked a watershed in Georgia’s history. Armed Forces during World War II, and countless others found employment in burgeoning wartime industries. Some 320,000 Georgians served in the U.S. Southern states were critical to the war effort during World War II (1941-45) and none more so than Georgia.
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